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Glossary · EV charging

Charging Modes (Mode 1–4)

The IEC 61851 classification of EV charging, from a plain socket with no communication (Mode 1) to a DC fast charger (Mode 4).

Technical level:Intermediate

Mode 1 is a connection to an ordinary socket with no communication with the vehicle and is practically no longer used for cars. Mode 2 is the portable cable with a control and protection box built into the cable, plugged into a household or industrial socket. Mode 3 is the AC station, meaning a wallbox or a public Type 2 station, with communication and protection. Mode 4 is DC charging with a cable permanently attached to the station.

For everyday charging at home, Mode 3 is the right solution; Mode 2 is meant for occasional or emergency use.

A common mistake is charging for hours in Mode 2 from an old socket or an extension lead, where the contacts overheat. Use only a socket in good condition and never a multi-socket adapter.

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