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ITGlossary · EV charging
Charging Power (kW)
How much energy flows into the battery per hour, which in AC charging depends on voltage, current and the number of phases.
Technical level:Intermediate
In AC charging, power equals voltage times current times the number of phases. At 230 V per phase, single-phase at 16 A gives about 3.7 kW and at 32 A about 7.4 kW. Three-phase at 16 A gives about 11 kW and at 32 A about 22 kW.
For a rough estimate of the time, divide the kWh you want to add by the power: 40 kWh on a 7.4 kW charger takes about 5.5 hours, plus some losses.
Power is limited by the weakest link: charger, supply or vehicle. A car with a single-phase on-board charger, connected to an 11 kW three-phase wallbox, will charge at only about 3.7 kW.
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Related terms
- DC ChargingFast charging in which the station converts power to direct current and feeds it straight into the battery, typically at 50 to 350 kW.
- AC ChargingCharging with alternating current, where the vehicle's on-board charger converts it to direct current to fill the battery.
- Smart ChargingCharging that adapts current and voltage to battery condition and temperature, or an EV charger’s power to the site’s available capacity.
- Battery Charging CurrentThe amount of current supplied to charge a battery, regulated by the UPS system.
- On-board Charger (OBC)The converter inside an electric vehicle that turns the station's AC into DC and sets the maximum AC charging power.
- Dynamic Load BalancingA function that continuously measures the building's consumption and automatically lowers the charging power so the supply limit is not exceeded.